The major components of the essential oil were hexadecanoic acid (27.03%) and hentriacontane (12.63%). The main compounds of the fatty acid were (Z,Z)-9,12- octadecadienoic acid methyl ester (18:2) 40.4%, (Z)-9-octadecenoic acid methyl ester (18:1) 35.0%, and hexadecanoic acid methyl ester (16:0) 13.0%, however in the market there are eight common types of fat compounds extracted and used from plant sources for various applications;
Coconut Fatty Acids (IS 12069:1987) are produced by the hydrolysis of Coconut Oil. Coconut Fatty Acids consist of about 90% saturated fatty acids. The main fatty acids are Lauric Acid, which constitutes about 50% of total fatty acids obtained from coconut oil. Coconut Fatty Acids are used in the manufacture of Soaps and their derivatives like coco diethanol amide and coco mono ethanolamide.
Hydrogenated Rice Bran Fatty Acids (IS 12361:1988) is obtained by splitting, distillation, and hydrogenation of rice bran oil or by hydrogenation of distilled fatty acids obtained by splitting of rice bran oil. Rice Bran Fatty acids are used in the manufacture of soaps.
Lauric Acid (IS 10931:1984) is a saturated fatty acid having 12 carbon atoms. It is a raw material for making Lauryl Alcohol, which is used in the detergent industry. It is also used in Alkyd resins, Lauryl peroxides, ethanol amides etc. It is obtained by splitting coconut oils, Palm Kernel Oil etc.
Palm Fatty Acids (IS 12067:1987) are obtained by hydrolysis of Palm Oils. Palm Oils are obtained from the fleshy part of Palm Fruits. Palm Fatty Acids consist of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in equal amounts, Palmitic Acid and Oleic Acids are being the main fatty acids. Palm Fatty Acids are used in the soap industry.
Rice Bran Fatty Acids (IS 12068:1987) are produced by the hydrolysis of Rice Bran Oil. Rice Bran Oil is produced by solvent extraction of the layer around the endosperm of rice, known as Rice Bran. It contains 20-25% of saturated and 75-80% of unsaturated fatty acids. The main unsaturated fatty acids are Oleic Acids (40-50%) and Linolenic Acids (28- 42%). These fatty acids are used in the manufacture of soaps
Rubberseed Fatty Acids (IS 12124:1987) are produced by hydrolysis of Rubber seed Oil. Rubber seed oil is obtained from seed kernels of Rubber trees. Rubber Seed Fatty Acids contain Linolenic Acis (30-40%), Oleic Acid (17- 30%) and Linoleic Acid (22- 24%) and other saturated fatty Acids like Palmitic acid and Stearic Acids.
1,3 Phenylenediamine (IS 17450:2020) is an important dye-intermediate, polymer additive, fibre intermediate and used in photography. Since it is used in dyestuffs required for dyeing of textiles, it is very important to adhere to purity levels indicated in the standard. The excess impurities in the dyes may enter the human chain through textiles, impacting the health. If the technical parameters indicated in the standard are not observed, it shall be detrimental to plant life and environment.
Acid Oil (IS 12029:1986) is produced by acidification of soap stock obtained during refining of oils. It is used for producing low grade soaps. The large quantity usage andimports of Fatty acids and possible health impact of low purity
