Clove natural Oil
VRI/SP/10-014
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Botanical Name: Cinnamon zeylanicum Common name: Cinnamon, Dalchini, Read More
|
Botanical Name: |
Cinnamon zeylanicum |
|
Common
name: |
Cinnamon, Dalchini, |
|
Plant family: |
Lauracae |
|
Genus: |
Cinnamomum |
|
Appearance/Color: |
A brownish yellow to dark liquid having a medium
consistency. |
|
Odor: |
Cinnamon leaf essential oil obtained a middle note of medium
aroma which disperses a warm and spicy scent. |
|
Blends With: |
It blends well with Cedarwood, Clove Bud, Lemon,
Lavender, Neroli, Orange, Rosemary, Ylang Ylang and Thyme. |
|
Origin |
Sri Lanka |
|
Source |
Leaves |
|
Method of
Extraction |
Steam Distillation |
The
genus Cinnamomum (Laureaceae family) consists of 250 spices of trees
and shrubs distributed in south-east Asia, China, and Australia. It is a small,
evergreen tree, 10–15 m tall. The bark is widely employed as a spice, its
leaves are ovate-oblong in shape, and 7–18 cm long. The flowers, arranged
in panicles, have a greenish color and have a rather disagreeable odor. The
fruit is a purple 1 cm berry containing a single seed. It is found in
tropical rain forests, where it grows at various altitudes from highland slopes
to lowland forests and occurs in both marshy places and on well-drained soils.
However, in latitudes with seasonal climatic conditions, they become
exceedingly rare. There are two main varieties of cinnamon namely the Ceylon or
true cinnamon (Cinnamon zeylanicum) and cassia (Cinnamom aromaticum). C.
zeylanicum is native to Sri Lanka and tropical Asia and exotic to
several African countries, such as Comoros, Ghana, Madagascar, Mauritius,
Nigeria, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, and Uganda.
The most
important cinnamon oils in word trade are those from Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Cinnamomum
cassia, and Cinnamomum camphora. The cinnamon essential oil
composition varies depending on the geographical origin of the spice and the
processing conditions. Likewise, it has been detected slight differences
between the composition of volatile oils from buds, flowers, and fruits
from C. zeylanicum. Jayaprakasha et al. (2000) reported
that the oil from buds contains higher amounts of mono and sesquiterpenes, and
most characteristic compounds such as cinnamaldehyde are found in flowers and
fruits and in lower amounts in buds
The barks are commonly used in
Cameroon as spices and for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and
cancers. Cinnamaldehyde (1; 75%) and camphor (56%) are the
major compounds in oil and stem bark, respectively. Cinnamon extract inhibits
the formation of toxic A? oligomers and prevents the toxicity of A?
on neuronal PC12 cells. Oral administration of cinnamon extract induced to the
reduction of plaques and improvement in cognitive behavior to aggressive Alzheimer's
disease transgenic mice. The prevention or treatments of Alzheimer’s
disease are mostly based on drugs inhibition of cholinesterase function
or formation of amyloid plaque. Pathologies and dementias of
the nervous system, such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease (Lei
et al., 2010) can result when tau proteins (tau proteins
are proteins that stabilize microtubules) become defective and no longer
stabilize microtubules properly. Chemicals able to prevent the tau aggregation
may be a key factor in the development of new drugs.
Cinnamon, the eternal tree of
tropical medicine, belongs to the Lauraceae family. Cinnamon is one of the most
important spices used daily by people all over the world. Cinnamon primarily
contains vital oils and other derivatives, such as cinnamaldehyde, cinnamic acid,
and cinnamate. In addition to being an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory,
antidiabetic, antimicrobial, anticancer, lipid-lowering, and
cardiovascular-disease-lowering compound, cinnamon has also been reported to
have activities against neurological disorders, such as Parkinson’s and
Alzheimer’s diseases. This review illustrates the pharmacological prospective
of cinnamon and its use in daily life.
Cinnamon Leaf Essential Oil in
Pharma
The barks are commonly used in Cameroon as
spices and for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and cancers. Cinnamaldehyde (1; 75%)
and camphor (56%) are the major compounds in oil and stem bark,
respectively. Cinnamon extract inhibits the formation of toxic
A? oligomers and prevents the toxicity of A? on neuronal PC12 cells.
Oral administration of cinnamon extract induced to the reduction of plaques and
improvement in cognitive behavior to aggressive Alzheimer's disease transgenic
mice. The prevention or treatments of Alzheimer’s disease are mostly based on
drugs inhibition of cholinesterase function or formation of amyloid plaque.
Pathologies and dementias of the nervous system, such as Alzheimer’s
disease and Parkinson’s disease (Lei et al., 2010) can result
when tau proteins (tau proteins are proteins that stabilize microtubules)
become defective and no longer stabilize microtubules properly. Chemicals able
to prevent the tau aggregation may be a key factor in the development of new
drugs.
Essence of Cinnamon Leaf
Essential Oil
Essential oils of cinnamon bark
and leaf are widely used in food flavours, cosmetics and
pharmaceuticals. Cinnamon is mainly used in the aroma and essence industries
due to its fragrance, which can be incorporated into different varieties of
foodstuffs, perfumes, and medicinal products. The Oil is rich in
monoterpenoids and phenyl propanoids. (E)-Cinnamaldehyde is the main component
of cinnamon bark oil and eugenol the main component of the leaf oil. Benzyl
benzoate chemotypes of cinnamon bark and leaf oils and linalool chemotype of
cinnamon leaf oil were also reported. Essential oils of other parts such as
fruit, fruit stalk, flower, bud, leaf petiole of cinnamon have also reported
having medicinal and pharmacological benefits.
COMMON USAGE
·
Uplifts brain and its functions
·
Purifies blood
·
Helps in weight loss
·
Reduces body pain
·
Treats and controls diabetes
·
Cures infections
·
Ensure quick healing
·
Preventive against heart problems
·
Inhibits colon cancer
·
Eliminates bad breath
·
Treats respiratory ailment
Ingredients:
|
S.No |
Key Constituents |
Strength (%) |
|
1 |
Eugenyl acetate |
2.0-7.10 |
|
2 |
Eugenol |
65.6-85.0 |
|
3 |
(E)-cinnamyl acetate |
0.7-4.3 |
|
4 |
Linalool |
02.0-4.0 |
|
5 |
Benzyl benzoate |
tr-5.1 |
|
6 |
b-caryophyllene |
1.8-3.6 |
|
7 |
Cinnamyl alcohol |
0-0.5 |
|
8 |
Safrole |
0-01.02 |
|
9 |
(E)-cinnamaldehyde |
0.4-1.12 |
TOXICOLOGICAL
INFORMATION
Safety Summary
·
Hazardous No Data
·
Contraindications Not Known
Organ Specific Effects
·
Skin corrosion / irritation: May cause an
allergic reaction by skin contact.
·
Serious eye damage / irritation: May have
reversible effects on the eyes, such as eye irritation which is totally
reversible by the end of observation at 21 days.
Systemic Effects
·
Acute Toxicity
o Oral
route:DL50 = 2650 mg/kg
o
Dermal route: DL50 > 5000 mg/kg
·
Respiratory sensitization: Not applicable under
normal use.
·
Germ cell mutagenicity: Cause for concern owing
to the possibility that it may induce heritable mutations in the germ cells of
humans.
·
Carcinogenicity: IARH: No component of this
product present at levels greater than or equal to 0.1% is identified as
probable, possible or confirmed human carcinogen by IARC. ACGIH: No component
of this product present at levels greater than or equal to 0.1% is identified
as probable, possible or confirmed human carcinogen by IARC.
·
NTP: No component of this product present at
levels greater than or equal to 0.1% is identified as probable, possible or
confirmed human carcinogen by IARC.
·
OSHA: No component of this product present at
levels greater than or equal to 0.1% is identified as probable, possible or
confirmed human carcinogen by IARC.
·
Reproductive toxicity: Not specified
·
STOT-single exposure: Not specified
·
STOT-related exposure: Not specified
·
Aspiration hazard: Not specified
ECOLOGICAL
INFORMATION
·
Toxicity
Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects. The product must not be
allowed to run into drains or waterways.
·
Substances classified as category 1 Acute
toxicity
·
Crustacean toxicity: Duration of exposure :
48 h CE50 = 1.61 mg/l Species: Daphnia sp. OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
·
Persistence and degradability Biodegradation is
expected
·
Bio-accumulative potential Bioaccumulation is
unlikely
·
Mobility in soil Unknown
