EU_Declaration62.pdf
Botanical Name: Zingiber officinale Common name: Ginger, Common Ginger, Cooking Ginger Read More
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Botanical Name: |
Zingiber officinale |
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Common name: |
Ginger, Common Ginger, Cooking Ginger, Canton, Stem Ginger, Adrak |
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Plant family: |
Zingiberaceae |
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Genus: |
Zingiber |
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Appearance/Color: |
Yellow mobile liquid |
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Odor: |
Spicy ginger woody terpene |
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Blends With: |
Lemon, Cedarwood, Lime, Eucalyptus, Frankincense,
Geranium, Rosemary, Sandalwood, Patchouli, Myrtle, Bergamot, Rosewood,
Neroli, Orange, and Ylang-Ylang. |
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Origin: |
China |
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Source: |
Root |
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Method of Extraction: |
Supercritical CO2 Extraction |
Supercritical
CO2 extraction is an efficient separation method, to separate active
ingredients from plant material. Supercritical solvent extraction is one of the
gentlest, most flexible, dynamic and nature friendly techniques used for the
extraction of spices, herbs and flowers using food grade CO2. These
are the products extracted at ambient temperatures and at high pressures to
avoid loss of aroma and degradation of actives. Apart from being solvent
residue free, supercritical fluid extraction is a green process, highly rated
for its eco-friendliness. The low viscosity and high diffusivity of
supercritical fluid enhances the penetrating power based on the high mass
transfer of solutes into the fluid.
Supercritical
extraction using CO2 is considered organic compatible and widely
used in the manufacturing of organic certified products. Kancor, with its
global sourcing capabilities, more than two decades of expertise in CO2
extraction and wide range of products, offers an edge over others in this world
of discerning tastes. Supercritical CO2 extraction is known for
producing a high-quality product primarily because the CO2 gas can
reach its supercritical point at pressures and temperatures that don’t damage
the cannabinoids and terpenes being harvested.
Ginger (Zingiber officinale)
is a plant used in traditional medicine against different diseases because of
its various properties (antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory,
anticoagulant, etc.). Ginger is “generally recognized as safe” by the Food and
Drug Administration. Numerous studies have been carried out to characterize and
isolate its main bioactive compounds to elucidate the mechanisms of its
antimicrobial activity against pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms in foods.
Results indicate that ginger contains monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids,
phenolic compounds, and its derivatives, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, esters,
which provide a broad antimicrobial spectrum against different microorganisms
and make it an interesting alternative to synthetic antimicrobials. However,
its application in foods has been scarcely explored and represents an
opportunity area for further research. This review provides an updated overview
of the main bioactive compounds of ginger, its potential application, and
toxicity as an antimicrobial in food products.
Due to wide pharmacological
effects of ginger oil, attention to ginger oil as an ingredient of natural
formulations in management of gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases is
valuable.
Ginger Root Oil in Pharma
The medicinal part of ginger is rhizomes,
which are used in traditional medicine for treatment of wide range of ailments.
In Ayurveda system, ginger and milk or water in the form of paste are used
externally for treatment of infantile colic. The combination of ginger with
honey is used for asthmatic bronchitis, cough, hiccups, and respiratory colds.
Ginger is used for digestive
problems in western medicine. Henry VIII recommended the use of ginger for
preventing the plague. The prepared bread with ginger by Greeks is consumed
after meal as digestive aid. Blood purifying, aphrodisiac, sex stimulants,
appetizing, anti-flatulent, anti-spasmodic, anti-hemorrhoid, anti-vomiting, and
anti-nausea effects of ginger are other traditional prospects. Ginger rhizomes
are containing fatty oils (3-6%), proteins (9%), carbohydrates (60-70%), crude
fiber (3-8%), ash (8%), water (9-12%), and volatile oil (2-3%). Nowadays,
ginger hydro-ethanol extracts are extensively used as analgesic,
anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-diabetic, hepato-protective, nephron-protective,
and antioxidant agents
Essence of Ginger Root Oil
The ginger preparation is
obtained directly from fresh ginger root, which preserves the multifaceted
flavor, the full body and the spicy aftertaste of ginger in the end product. The
refreshing taste of ginger is ideal for use in carbonized soft drinks, beer mix
and energy drinks but also harmonizes with still drinks and tea beverages as
well as syrup. In the food segment, it is now being used in confectionery and
ice cream with the interesting taste profile to make new food products.
COMMON USAGE
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Relieves stomach issues
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Treats food poisoning
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Effective against nausea
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Protects against malaria
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Treats respiratory disorders
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Reduces inflammation
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Treats menstrual issues
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Strengthens heart
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Lowers stress
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Eliminates impotency
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Dissolves kidney stones
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Prevents cancer
Ingredients:
|
S.No |
Key Constituents |
Strength (%) |
|
1 |
zingiberene |
38.1 |
|
2 |
Ar-curcumene |
17.1 |
|
3 |
b-sesquiphellandrene |
7.2 |
|
4 |
Camphene |
4.7 |
|
5 |
b-bisabolene |
5.2 |
|
6 |
b-phellandrene |
2.5 |
|
7 |
borneol |
2.2 |
|
8 |
1,8-cineol |
2.1 |
|
9 |
a-pinene |
1.3 |
|
10 |
b-elemene |
1.2 |
TOXICOLOGICAL
INFORMATION
Safety Summary
·
Hazards none known.
·
Contraindications none known.
Organ-specific effects
·
Adverse skin reactions: Undiluted ginger
oil was moderately irritating to rabbits, but was not irritating to mice;
tested at 4% on 25 volunteers it was neither irritating nor sensitizing.
Low-level phototoxic effects reported for ginger oil are not considered
significant. Oral administration of ginger oil dose-dependently weakened the
delayed hypersensitivity response, so any allergic reaction from the oil is
likely to be minimal.
Systemic effects
·
Acute toxicity: Ginger oil acute oral
LD50 in rats >5 g/kg; acute dermal LD50 in rabbits >5 g/kg.
·
Subacute and sub chronic toxicity: In a
13-week oral toxicity study, ginger oil was administered to male and female
rats at 100, 250 or 500 mg/kg/day. No adverse effects were seen, including
mortality, decreased food consumption, changes in body weight or organ weights,
hematological parameters, hepatic or renal function. No histopathological
changes were noted in selected organs.
·
Antioxidant/pro-oxidant activity: Ginger
oil showed moderate antioxidant activity in lipid peroxidation tests, and high
activity as a DPPH radical scavenge.
·
Carcinogenic/anticarcinogenic potential: Ginger
oil did not produce CA in CHL cells. Ginger oil dose-dependently inhibited
aflatoxin B1- induced adducts in calf thymus DNA, in the presence of rat liver
microsomes Lam & Zheng reported that ginger oil induced glutathione
S-transferase activity to more than 2.5 times control level in mouse tissues,
and Banerjee et al that it significantly induced both glutathione S-transferase
and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase in mouse liver, all of these being indicative
of anticarcinogenic activity. Ginger oil was cytotoxic to human prostate and
lung cancer cells with IC50 values of 0.08%, 0.11% respectively, but it was not
cytotoxic to breast cancer cells. (þ)-Limonene, bsesquiphellandrene, and
b-elemene display anticarcinogenic activity.
Dilute before use; for external
use only. May cause skin irritation in some individuals; a skin test is
recommended prior to use. Contact with eyes should be avoided.
ECOLOGICAL
INFORMATION
Toxicity
Toxic to aquatic organisms, may
cause long term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.
Disposal considerations
Dispose in accordance with the
law and local regulations. Treat as trade effluent.
